The land reform in zimbabwe was organised in line with that slogan and had the following basic elements of speed, which made it to be known as the fast track land reform. Disparity between policy design and implementation medicine masiiwa institute of development studies university of zimbabwe may 2004 note. Land reform in south africa is a moral, social and economic imperative. The context described above was influenced by the very nature of the ftlrp.
Land reform in the twenty years after independence. Land reform, sanctions, regime change, and sovereignty. Some theoretical considerations on land reforms possible contribution to development are. In this paper the researcher gives an overview of the concept of land reform and its various approaches as applied in various parts of the world.
The land reform and property rights in zimbabwe of 2010 is a sequel report to the 2007, adding insult to injury, a preliminary report on human rights violations on commercial farms 20002005. Land tenure reform refers to a planned change in the terms and conditions e. Ftlrp is defined as fast track land reform programme zimbabwe frequently. This paper is an analysis of papers, reports and legislation that deals with land reform in south africa. Land reform is a change in the system of land ownership, especially when it involves giving land to the people who actually farm it and taking it away from people who own large areas for profit. Much of this land was previously cattle ranches, with limited. Nevertheless, it was the policy of the incoming government of the african national congress anc to effect land reform that would to a significant. Communal land, property rights and traditional leadership current context what is at stake. Land reform is visualised as an instrument of social justice as it seeks to d away with exploitative relationships characterised by sharp class division between rich landowning classes and impoverished peasants with lo security of tenure.
Government will at all times act in the best interest of our nation. Land definition is the solid part of the surface of the earth. The importance of land policy enhances tenure security and determines mechanism for distribution of land rights promotes social stability clarifies government goalsobjectives basis for economic development expectations and predictability sustainable land use and sound land management development of legislation. Land reform definition of land reform by merriamwebster. Measures, such as the division of large properties into smaller ones, that are taken to bring about a more equitable apportionment of agricultural land. Outcome of the research indicates an intricate relationship between land reform and postsettlement support. How is fast track land reform programme zimbabwe abbreviated. Yet definition is important because some supposed land reform policies are not in fact intended to change the distribution of land ownership and rural power. Pdf there is a surfeit of literature on land reforms in various developing countries. Land reform definition and meaning collins english. Whether it is called land reform or agrarian reform, the operational concept covers five main types of reform, classified according to whether they deal with land title and terms of holding, land distribution, the scale of operation, the pattern of cultivation, or supplementary measures such as credit, marketing, or extension services. For example, in the twentieth century, many land reforms emerged from a particular political ideology, such as communism or socialism. The ideas and principles discussed so far may be illustrated by a selective survey of the history of land reform. Land reform involves the changing of laws, regulations or customs regarding land ownership.
Reforms such as these may be proclaimed by a government, by interested groups, or by revolution. Ending the exploitation of the poor by the rich, narrowing economic inequality and, ultimately, moving towards egalitarian setup are among the chief aims of these principles. Land reform definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Agrarian reform article about agrarian reform by the free. It refers to an institutional measure directed towards altering the existing pattern of ownership, tenancy and management of land. Economics, scarcity, and choice a good definition of economics, which stresses the difference between economics and other social sciences, is the following. An analysis of what constitutes land reform facilitates further analysis of the success of examples of land reforms around the world. Not surprisingly, therefore, many developing countries are. Land has been a source of political conflict in zimbabwe since colonization, when the country was known as rhodesia, both. Redistribution of land definition of redistribution of land. Land reform is a deeply political process and therefore many arguments for and against it have emerged. A multiplicity of institutions emerged as the ftlrp was being implemented. The social objectives of land reform are as important as its economic and political objectives. The present land use pattern in sri lanka is a legacy of land policy of the colonial past where export based commercial plantation agriculture was superimposed on a traditional subsistence farming.
Where are the familiar words we ordinarily associate with economics. Land reform has therefore become synonymous with agrarian reform or a rapid improvement of the agrarian structure, which comprises the land tenure system, the pattern of cultivation and farm organization, the scale of farm operation, the terms of tenancy, and the institutions of rural credit, marketing, and education. In this paper the researcher gives an overview of land reform. The topic i was asked to address, as indicated by the title, is restricted to a discussion of land tenure, property regimes and traditional leadership in communal areas. Act to provide for security of tenure of labour tenants and those persons occupying or using.
This dynamism means that a solution which was appropriate ten years ago may be inappropriate today. Georgists hold that this implies a perfectly inelastic supply curve i. Redistribution of land synonyms, redistribution of land pronunciation, redistribution of land translation, english dictionary definition of redistribution of land. For some, privatization of communal or state lands in order to make them. Scotlands land reform is distinct from other contemporary land reforms in its focus on community land ownership, with the land reform scotland acts of 2003 and 2016 establishing the community right to buy, allowing rural and urban communities first right of refusal to purchase local land when it comes up for sale. The recorded history of reform begins with the greeks and romans of the 6th and 2nd centuries bce, respectively. Let us make an indepth study of land reforms in india. The land reform programme in zimbabwe has been a major area of international discussion for almost five years now. Government will continue to accelerate the pace of land reform within the framework of the constitution of the republic of south africa, respective legislation and according to the rule of law. The study reported that of around 7 million hectares of land redistributed via the land reform or 20% of zimbabwes area, 49. Land reforms took a different orientation under the guidance of the international 1 financial institutions, especially in the developing world where this new approach was actively promoted. Land restitution and reform laws amendment act 18 of 1999 land affairs general amendment act 11 of 2000 restitution of land rights amendment act 48 of 2003 public service amendment act 30 of 2007 with effect from 1 april 2008 act to provide for the restitution of rights in land to persons or communities dispossessed of such rights after 19. Land reform is a change in the system of land ownership, especially when it involves.
Land in ancient athens was held in perpetuity by the tribe or clan, with individual holdings periodically reallocated. There are basically two broad approaches to land reform. Land matters were treated as matters of rights and included in the bill of rights. Land reform, a purposive change in the way in which agricultural land is held or owned, the methods of cultivation that are employed, or the relation of agriculture to the rest of the economy. Communal land, property rights and traditional leadership. In this section, we zero in on masvingo province in the central south and east of the country. Land reform programs are designed to redistribute possession andor use of geographic land georgism. Broader issues of land reform, including redistribution, are beyond. Ftlrp stands for fast track land reform programme zimbabwe. Land reforms, which change what it means to control land, therefore create tensions and. Land reform definition is measures designed to effect a more equitable distribution of agricultural land especially by governmental action. An essay on the history of land and reform in pakistan. A critical analysis of the land reform programme in zimbabwe.
Perceptions regarding land reform debate, progress made and challenges encountered in. Land sovereignty thus includes redistributive land reform, land restitution, forest land reallocation, and so on. Theyve been vehement in their opposition against land expropriation without compensation, and feel they can redress the wounds of the past solely. Land reform definition of land reform by the free dictionary. Understanding fast track land reforms 5 a major element of the research was an analysis of the interaction of people and institutions and how this shaped the progress of the reforms. Land reform, especially the establishment of peasant proprietorship, is the most important aspect of institutional reform in indian agriculture. Traditionally, agrarian, or land, reform is confined to the redistribution of land. Land tenure may be defined as the terms and conditions on which land is held, used and transacted. Agrarian reform, a construct of the cold war to counter communist land reform, embraces improvements in both land tenure and agricultural organisation. Land reform, sanctions, regime change, and sovereignty one of the enduring problems of the zimbabwe crisis revolves around understanding the meaning of the terms employed by the respective protagonists to describe the crisis, whether they are zimbabwean, african, or western.
If land reform is pursued merely on the basis of political ideology and expediency, the economic and social costs will soon outstrip the perceived benefits of radical land acquisition. No definition is given as to the meaning of fair compensation but government emphasised. These arguments vary tremendously over time and place. Various types of land reform and agrarian reform are defined. In simple terms, land tenure systems determine who can use what resources for how long, and under what conditions. Land reform and agrarian reform are often used interchangeably. An analysis of what constitutes a land reform facilitates any analysis of the success of examples of land reforms around the world.
An adapted version of this paper appears in the edited collection post independence land reform in zimbabwe, published in may 2004 by the friedrich ebert stiftung in harare. They define how access is granted to rights to use, control, and transfer land, as well as associated responsibilities and restraints. Speeding up the identification for compulsory acquisition of not less than. Land reform definition, any program, especially when undertaken by a national government, involving the redistribution of agricultural land among the landless.